Said: Orientalism

I mean to ask whether there is any way of avoiding the hostility expressed by the division, say, of men into 'us' (Westerners) and 'they' (Orientals). For such divisions are generalities whose use historically and actually has been to press the importance of the distinction between some men and other men, usually towards not especially admirable ends. When one uses categories like Oriental and Western and both the starting and end points of analysis, research, public policy...the result is usually to polarize the distinction - the Oriental becomes more Oriental, the Westerner more Western - and limit the human encounter between different cultures, traditions, and societies (45-46).

Corbin and Strauss: Grounded Theory

"As stated previously, a category stands for a phenomenon, that is, a problem, an issue, and event, or a happening that is defined as being significant to respondents...A phenomenon has the ability to express what is going on.

Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin, "Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory" p124, second edition